James Abbott McNeill Whistler, 1900 - Mother of Pearl and Silver: The Andalusian - fine art print

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Original information about the artwork from National Gallery of Art (© Copyright - National Gallery of Art - National Gallery of Art)

Ethel Philip, Whistler's sister-in-law and a favorite subject of the artist, whose likeness appears in drawings, etchings, lithographs, and at least five full-size oil paintings, stands against an empty, shallow background with her back to the viewer. She wears a grey silk gown topped with a bolero jacket of transparent silk gauze or fine net—a design inspired by traditional costumes from Spain's Andalusian region. Ethel's head and shoulders are turned slightly to the right to reveal her profile. This graceful pose emphasizes her costume's long, sweeping cascade to the floor, drawing the viewer's attention not to the model's features but to her dramatic attire. One art historian concluded that "it is not a portrait of a person, but of a dress," transforming Ethel Philip into a fashion model or mannequin rather than the subject of a formal, full-length portrait.

The work's title may also have sartorial origins—the result of Whistler's extended stay in Paris, a city renowned for its luxury fashion houses and couturiers. At that time, couture dresses were often given individual names to emphasize their uniqueness. It is possible that Whistler's title refers not to a Spanish woman, but to the model of the dress worn by Ethel.

Whistler had demonstrated a strong interest in women's fashion and its role in his portraiture long before he painted The Andalusian. In the 1870s, apparently dissatisfied with British fashions at the time, the artist himself designed the elaborate dresses worn by the female subjects of Harmony in Grey and Green: Miss Cicely Alexander (Tate Gallery, London) and Symphony in Flesh Color and Pink: Portrait of Mrs. Frances Leyland (Frick Collection).

More information on this painting may be found in the NGA publication American Paintings of the Nineteenth Century, Part II, available as a free PDF. Find under Research > Publications > Systematic Catalogues.

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This over 120 year-old masterpiece titled Mother of Pearl and Silver: The Andalusian was painted by the artist James Abbott McNeill Whistler in 1900. The original version was made with the size: 191,5 cm (75,4 in) x 89,8 cm (35,4 in). Oil on canvas was applied by the artist as the medium of the work of art. Today, the artpiece can be viewed in in the digital collection of National Gallery of Art, which is the museum of the US-American nation that preserves, collects, exhibits, and fosters an understanding of works of art. The work of art, which belongs to the public domain is included with courtesy of National Gallery of Art, Washington.The creditline of the artpiece is: . Further, the alignment of the digital reproduction is portrait with a ratio of 1 : 2, which means that the length is 50% shorter than the width.

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